Lidocaine Hydrochloride

Therapeutic Area:

Generic Name:

Lidocaine Hydrochloride

Dosage Form:

Injection Solution Parenteral 2 % With preservative Vial 50 ml

Drug Dose

Therapeutic Indications:

Lidocaine hydrochloride injection is used to produce local anesthesia (numb a specific area)

Mechanism of Action:

The mechanism of action of lidocaine as a local anesthetic is through blockade of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) leading to a reversible block of action potential propagation.

Method of Administration:

Lidocaine Injection is used as a local anesthetic when injected subcutaneously.

This solution is not intended for use intravenously solutions of lidocaine, which contain preservatives, should not be used for spinal, epidural, caudal or intravenous regional anesthesia.

 

The dosage should be adjusted according to the response of the patient and the site of administration. The lowest concentration and the smallest dose producing the required effect should be given. The maximum dose for healthy adults should not exceed 200 mg corresponding to 20 ml.

Children and elderly or debilitated patients require smaller doses, commensurate with age and physical status.

Notes

Contraindications:

Lidocaine is contraindicated in patients with a known history of hypersensitivity to Hydroxybenzoates and local anesthetics of the amide type.

Interactions:

The clearance of lidocaine may be reduced by beta-adrenoceptor blocking agents and by cimetidine, requiring a reduction in the dosage of lidocaine.

Pregnancy and Lactation:

Pregnancy

Category B. There are no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. General consideration should be given to this fact before administering lidocaine to women of childbearing potential, especially during early pregnancy when maximum organogenesis takes place.

Nursing Mothers:

It is not known whether this drug is excreted in human milk. Because many drugs are excreted in human milk, caution should be exercised when lidocaine is administered to a nursing woman.

Warning and Precaution:

-As with other local anesthetics, lidocaine should be used with caution in patients with epilepsy, cardiac conduction disturbances, congestive cardiac failure, bradycardia or impaired respiratory function.

-Lidocaine is metabolized in the liver and it should be used with caution in patients with impaired hepatic function.

-Lidocaine should not be used in cases of acute porphyria.

-Patients with myasthenia gravis are particularly susceptible to the effects of local anesthetics.

-Facilities for resuscitation should be available when administering local anesthetics.

-The effect of local anesthetics maybe reduced if the injection is made into an inflamed or infected area.

-This product contains 2.4-2.9 mmol (or 55-67mg) sodium per vial. To be taken into consideration by patients on a controlled sodium diet.

Adverse Reactions:

Like all medicines, Lidocaine 2% with preservative Injection can cause side effects, although not everybody gets them.

  • Allergic reactions:

Allergic reactions to lidocaine hydrochloride are rare, but tell your doctor immediately if you get any difficulty with your breathing, a rash or itchy skin.

The preservatives used in this injection may cause allergic reactions (possibly delayed) and very rarely bronchospasm (your breathing may stop).

  • Nervous and psychiatric disorders: Dizziness or lightheadedness, drowsiness, tremor, confusion, your tongue going numb, Convulsions.
  • Eye disorders: Blurred or double vision.
  • Ear disorders: Tinnitus (a ringing in your ears).
  • Hyperacusis (sensitivity to sounds).
  • Heart disorders (Increased or decreased blood pressure)
  • Breathing disorders
  • Gastrointestinal disorders: Nausea and vomiting

 Skin disorders: Rash, itching and swelling of the face, Pain, inflammation or numbness at the site of injection.

Storage:

Store below 30 and protect from light and moisture.